Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Hidden Threat in Children That Adults Should Not Ignore
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is a viral infection commonly found in young children, especially in daycare centers and preschools. While the disease is mild in some cases, it can lead to serious complications, making it a significant concern for parents and healthcare providers. The risk of HFMD increases during the rainy season and in areas where children gather in large numbers. This article explores the risk factors, preventive measures, and ways to reduce the spread of HFMD, helping families and communities safeguard children's health.
1. What is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease? What are the symptoms?
2. Recognizing HFMD symptoms that require medical attention
3. How is HFMD treated, and how long does recovery take?
4. How to protect yourself from HFMD?
1. What is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease? What are the symptoms?
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is a contagious disease commonly seen during the rainy season. It is caused by viruses such as Enterovirus 71 (EV71) or Coxsackievirus. The disease spreads easily through saliva, contact with mouth sores, or consuming contaminated food.
Once exposed to the virus, the incubation period lasts 3–6 days before symptoms appear. Symptoms in children and adults can vary, as outlined below:
HFMD in Children
It can be said that this is the majority of patients. For the symptoms of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in children, it is often found in children under 5 years old. Young children are at higher risk of severe symptoms than older children. The initial symptoms of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease are that the patient will start to have a high fever for 3-4 days. Then, blisters will start to appear on the palms, soles, inside the mouth, and a rash will appear on both legs. In some cases, there will be pain that affects eating and there will be drooling. These symptoms usually go away on their own within 1 week.
HFMD in Adults
Symptoms of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in adults begin with fever, body aches and sores in the mouth, and blisters on the hands and feet. Some patients may develop a rash on the body. If the symptoms are not severe, the fever will start to decrease and disappear within 1 week, while the blisters and rash will gradually disappear. However, in some cases with severe symptoms, there is a risk of complications such as meningitis/encephalitis or heart inflammation.
2. Recognizing HFMD symptoms that require medical attention
As mentioned above, Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease is a contagious disease that can be treated according to the symptoms and will heal on its own in a short period of time. However, in some patients, the symptoms are severe enough to cause death. If you are a patient or someone close to a patient, it is recommended to observe the symptoms. If you find the following symptoms, you may be at risk and you should see a doctor as soon as possible:
- Fever higher than 39 degrees Celsius for more than 2 days
- Feeling tired and short of breath even without exertion
- Loss of appetite, unable to eat at all
- Drowsiness, sleeping all day, fatigue
- Delirium or incoherent speech
- Severe headache
- Neck pain, stiff neck
- Frequent vomiting, more than 3 times/day
- Weak arms and legs, difficult to move the body
Feeling startled or twitching, shaking arms or hands, different from normal
3. How is HFMD treated, and how long does recovery take?
Currently, there is no specific treatment for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) since most cases resolve on their own. Treatment typically involves managing symptoms based on the patient’s condition. Doctors provide care tailored to individual symptoms to support the body's recovery as quickly as possible. For example, in children unable to eat, doctors may administer food or saline intravenously. Proper hygiene is emphasized to prevent infection of blisters, and antibiotics may be prescribed for related symptoms.
How long does HFMD take to heal? In mild cases, symptoms usually improve within a week. During this time, maintaining hygiene and taking symptom-relieving medications is essential. However, in severe cases, symptoms may persist longer. It is advisable to consult a doctor for appropriate treatment to ensure a speedy recovery
4. How to protect yourself from HFMD?
For individuals without any symptoms but who have been in close contact with someone infected, or for those looking to prevent Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) early on for peace of mind, the following guidelines can help protect yourself from the illness:
Maintain Cleanliness and Hygiene
Cleanliness is key to preventing various infections, especially those spread through contact with bodily fluids from infected individuals. Since it’s impossible to know if the objects we touch are contaminated, maintaining proper hygiene is essential. Follow these practices:
- Wash your hands frequently, especially with soap after using the restroom.
- Eat freshly cooked, hygienic food, and use serving spoons when sharing meals with others.
- Wear a face mask when in crowded places.
- Regularly clean frequently touched items or areas you use daily to minimize germ accumulation.
Vaccination Against Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
Another way to prevent Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is through vaccination. The vaccine targets the Enterovirus 71, which is the main cause of HFMD and is associated with more severe symptoms. The recommended age for vaccination is from 6 months to 5 years. However, if an individual is older than this age range, they can consult a doctor to explore suitable vaccination options.
Preventing HFMD starts with maintaining good hygiene and avoiding close contact with infected individuals or sharing personal items. Additionally, monitoring symptoms and seeking timely medical attention when abnormalities arise can significantly reduce the risk of spreading the disease. Prioritizing your health and maintaining a strong immune system are essential steps to keeping you and your loved ones safe from HFMD, allowing you to enjoy a healthy and happy life.
For more information:
☑️ Call Tel. 1766, available 24/7.
☑️ Contact a life insurance agent.
Sources: Retrieved on 11/11/2567
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